A charting UI reads patient-level data that persists across visits and encounter-level data created during each visit. This page is a reference: the first half covers longitudinal patient context (summary, demographics, devices), the second covers encounter-time resources (Observations, Conditions, Allergies, external documents). Each major resource has its own section. For visit orchestration and the SOAP-aligned template pattern, see [Visit Templates and the SOAP Approach](/content/docs/charting/visit-templates/index.html).

## Patient Summary and Queries

Demographics come from the [`Patient`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/patient/index.html) resource. You can load related records with [Patient `$everything`](/content/docs/api/fhir/operations/patient-everything/index.html), but that response can be large for a dashboard view. Prefer targeted searches for active [`CarePlan`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/careplan/index.html), [`MedicationRequest`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medicationrequest/index.html), [`Condition`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/condition/index.html), and other slices your UI needs. See [Search](/content/docs/search/index.html) to compose queries.

React components that help assemble timelines and summaries include [PatientTimeline](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/docs/medplum-patienttimeline--patient), [Timeline](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/docs/medplum-timeline--basic), [Search control](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/docs/medplum-searchcontrol--checkboxes), [ResourceAvatar](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/docs/medplum-resourceavatar--image), [FhirPathDisplay](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/docs/medplum-fhirpathdisplay--id), and tab navigation (for example [Mantine Tabs](https://mantine.dev/core/tabs/), used throughout Medplum apps).

| Patient |  
| --- |  
| Homer Simpson |

| Observation |  
| --- |  
| Heart Rate: 150 bpm |

| Observation |  
| --- |  
| Pregnancy Status: 26 weeks |

| Condition |  
| --- |  
| Type II Diabetes |

| AllergyIntolerance |  
| --- |  
| Penicillin G |  
| _critical_ |

| MedicationRequest |  
| --- |  
| Tylenol |

| Immunization |  
| --- |  
| Fluvax |

| RiskAssessment |  
| --- |  
| Heart Attack: 10% |

### Key Resources for Patient Context

| Resource | Description |  
| --- | --- |  
| [`Observation`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/observation/index.html) | Point-in-time clinical measurements and findings. |  
| [`Condition`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/condition/index.html) | Diagnoses and longitudinal problems. |  
| [`RiskAssessment`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/riskassessment/index.html) | Modeled risk scores and similar assessments. |  
| [`AllergyIntolerance`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/allergyintolerance/index.html) | Adverse reactions to drugs or substances. |  
| [`Immunization`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/immunization/index.html) | Vaccination history. |  
| [`Medication`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medication/index.html) | Drug definitions; ordering uses [`MedicationRequest`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medicationrequest/index.html) and summaries may use [`MedicationStatement`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medicationstatement/index.html). |  
| [`MedicationAdministration`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medicationadministration/index.html) | Documents when the patient received or took a medication (administration event). |

### Key Code Systems

| Code System | Description |  
| --- | --- |  
| [LOINC](/content/docs/careplans/loinc/index.html) | Used in [`Observation`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/observation/index.html) and [`RiskAssessment`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/riskassessment/index.html) for clinical coding, compliance, billing, and reporting. |  
| [ICD-10](https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/icd10cm_browsertool.htm) | Used in [`Condition`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/condition/index.html) for interoperability and billing; also common on encounter-related billing metadata. |  
| [RXNORM](/content/docs/medications/medication-codes#rxnorm/index.html) | Drug coding for allergies and medication orders. |  
| [SNOMED](https://www.snomed.org/) | Substances and clinical concepts. |  
| [CVX](https://www2a.cdc.gov/vaccines/iis/iisstandards/vaccines.asp?rpt=cvx) | Immunization vaccine types. |

## Encounter-Centric Resources

During a visit, resources typically link to an [`Encounter`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/encounter/index.html). Notes often use [`ClinicalImpression`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/clinicalimpression/index.html); measurements use [`Observation`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/observation/index.html); orders use [`ServiceRequest`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/servicerequest/index.html) and [`MedicationRequest`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/medicationrequest/index.html).

Results

| Appointment |  
| --- |  
| Homer Simpson |  
| Fall Assessment |

| Encounter |  
| --- |  
| Homer Simpson |  
| Fall Assessment Encounter |

| Patient |  
| --- |  
| Homer Simpson |

| Condition |  
| --- |  
| Arthritis |

| Clinical Impression |  
| --- |  
| Homer Simpson |  
| Fall Assessment Note |

| Observation |  
| --- |  
| Heart Rate: 150 bpm |

| RiskAssessment |  
| --- |  
| Fall Risk: 80% |

| Resource | Role |  
| --- | --- |  
| [`Encounter`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/encounter/index.html) | Visit container in-person or virtual. |  
| [`ClinicalImpression`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/clinicalimpression/index.html) | Assessment narrative and findings for the encounter. |  
| [`Condition`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/condition/index.html) | Encounter diagnoses when categorized accordingly. |  
| [`Observation`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/observation/index.html) | Vitals and other measurements tied to the encounter. |  
| [`RiskAssessment`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/riskassessment/index.html) | Structured risk scores for the encounter when used. |

## Patient Demographics

Capturing patient demographics is a core EHR capability. ONC references this under [demographics (a)(5)](https://www.healthit.gov/test-method/demographics). Data may arrive via UI, integration, or API.

The [USCDI](/content/docs/fhir-datastore/understanding-uscdi-dataclasses/index.html) V2 standard defines technical expectations; see the [US Core Patient profile](https://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/stu3.1.1/StructureDefinition-us-core-patient.html).

### React Components

Medplum provides React components for [Patient demographics](https://storybook.medplum.com/?path=/story/medplum-resourceform--us-core-patient) aligned with common collection requirements.

### Capturing Aliases

Use `Patient.name` with `period` and `use` to represent legal history – for example maiden names:

```json
{

"name": [

{

"given": ["Marge", "Jacqueline"],

"family": "Simpson",

"period": { "start": "1980-01-01T00:00:00Z" },

"use": "official"

},

{

"given": ["Marge", "Jacqueline"],

"family": "née Bouvier",

"period": { "end": "1980-01-01T00:00:00Z" },

"use": "old"

}

]

}
```

### Demographic Value Sets

Use standard value sets rather than ad hoc codes. Correct coding supports reporting and interoperability.

| Category | Name |  
| --- | --- |  
| Gender | [Administrative Gender Value Set](https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/valueset-administrative-gender.html) |  
| Race | [US Core Race Extension](http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-race) |  
| Ethnicity | [US Core Ethnicity Extension](http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-ethnicity) |  
| Birth Sex | [Birth Sex Extension](https://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-birthsex) |

### Lifecycle

Managing duplicates belongs in every implementation – see [Patient deduplication](/content/docs/fhir-datastore/patient-deduplication/index.html).

When a patient dies, record time of death on `Patient.deceased`. Represent cause of death as an [`Observation`](/content/docs/api/fhir/resources/observation/index.html) with ICD-10 or another appropriate ontology.